F1 Visa: How Can Students Legally Make Money?

International students on an F1 visa can earn money legally through specific work opportunities allowed by U.S. immigration laws. Here are some ways:

1. On-Campus Employment

• Allowed up to 20 hours per week during school and full-time during breaks.

• Jobs include library work, research assistant roles, cafeteria jobs, or positions in student services.

2. Curricular Practical Training (CPT)

• Work must be related to your field of study and authorized by your school.

• Typically used for paid internships or cooperative education programs.

3. Optional Practical Training (OPT)

• Up to 12 months of work authorization (or 24 months for STEM fields).

• Can be used during or after your studies.

4. Economic Hardship Work Authorization

• If you face unexpected financial difficulties, you can apply for off-campus work authorization.

• Requires proving financial need to USCIS.

5. Tutoring & Freelancing (Limited Scope)

• You can tutor other students if it's informal and paid in cash.

• Freelancing is tricky—you cannot legally work as an independent contractor for U.S. companies, but remote work for foreign employers may be an option.

6. Teaching or Research Assistantships

• Often available for graduate students, these roles offer stipends and tuition waivers.

7. Investing (Passive Income)

• Stock market investments, dividends, or rental income are allowed since they don't count as employment.

Avoid unauthorized work, as it can lead to visa violations and deportation. Always consult your Designated School Official (DSO) before working.