Alexandria - Historic Mediterranean Port City

Alexandria is a historic city located on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC, it was once one of the most important cultural and intellectual centers of the ancient world. Today, Alexandria is a vibrant city known for its rich history, beautiful waterfront, and diverse attractions.

Overview

• Location: Mediterranean coast, Egypt
• Founded: 331 BC by Alexander the Great
• Significance: Alexandria was a major hub of culture and learning in antiquity, known for its Great Library and the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

Visitor Fee

• Entry Fees:
  • Various attractions in Alexandria may have their own entry fees, typically ranging from $5 to $10 USD.

Getting There

• Transportation:
  • By Air: Alexandria has an airport, Borg El Arab Airport, located about 40 kilometers (25 miles) from the city center.
  • By Train: Alexandria is well-connected by train with Cairo and other cities, with frequent services available.
  • By Bus/Car: It is also accessible by road from Cairo, a distance of approximately 220 kilometers (137 miles), taking around 2.5 to 3 hours by car.

Things to See and Do

1. Bibliotheca Alexandrina:
   • Description: A modern library and cultural center, inspired by the ancient Library of Alexandria.
   • Significance: The Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a major cultural institution, housing millions of books, manuscripts, and offering a range of cultural events and exhibitions.
2. The Citadel of Qaitbay:
   • Description: A 15th-century fortress built on the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria.
   • Significance: The citadel provides stunning views of the Mediterranean Sea and the city, and offers insight into the military history of Alexandria.
3. The Roman Amphitheater:
   • Description: An ancient Roman theater with well-preserved ruins, including tiered seating and mosaic floors.
   • Significance: This amphitheater is a rare and well-preserved example of Roman architecture in Egypt.
4. Pompey’s Pillar:
   • Description: A towering Roman column made of red granite, erected in honor of Emperor Diocletian.
   • Significance: The pillar is one of the largest of its kind and is an important relic of Roman Alexandria.
5. Kom el-Dikka:
   • Description: An archaeological site featuring Roman baths, a well-preserved mosaic floor, and ancient residential quarters.
   • Significance: The site provides insight into daily life in Roman Alexandria.
6. Catacombs of Kom el-Shoqafa:
   • Description: A Roman necropolis with intricate tombs and burial chambers, blending Egyptian, Greek, and Roman architectural styles.
   • Significance: The catacombs are a unique example of ancient burial practices and cultural influences.

Why People Enjoy Coming Here

• Historical Significance: Alexandria's rich history, from its ancient library to its Roman and Islamic heritage, makes it a fascinating destination for history enthusiasts.
• Cultural Attractions: The modern Bibliotheca Alexandrina and various museums and archaeological sites offer a blend of ancient and contemporary culture.
• Mediterranean Charm: The city’s beautiful coastal location, with its waterfront promenade and sea views, adds to its appeal.
• Architectural Marvels: The blend of ancient ruins and modern constructions provides a unique sightseeing experience.

List of Activities

• Exploring Ancient Ruins: Visit historical sites such as Pompey’s Pillar, the Roman Amphitheater, and the Catacombs of Kom el-Shoqafa.
• Cultural Visits: Discover the Bibliotheca Alexandrina and other cultural institutions.
• Strolling the Corniche: Enjoy the scenic waterfront promenade with its views of the Mediterranean Sea.
• Visiting Local Markets: Experience the local culture by visiting markets and enjoying traditional Egyptian cuisine.

Nearby Attractions

• Montaza Palace and Gardens: Located in the eastern part of Alexandria, this palace and its extensive gardens offer a picturesque setting.
• El Alamein: A town west of Alexandria, known for its World War II memorials and cemeteries.
• Rosetta: Famous for the Rosetta Stone and its charming riverside setting, located about 70 kilometers (43 miles) southeast of Alexandria.

Alexandria is a city that beautifully combines its ancient heritage with modern vibrancy, making it a compelling destination for those interested in history, culture, and scenic beauty.