Saqqara Pyramids and Necropolis - Ancient Burial Grounds

Saqqara Pyramids and Necropolis is an extensive ancient Egyptian burial site located about 30 kilometers (19 miles) south of Cairo. It is part of the larger archaeological site of Memphis and is renowned for its array of pyramids, tombs, and other structures that date from the Early Dynastic Period through the Ptolemaic era.

Overview

• Location: Saqqara, Giza Governorate, Egypt
• Date: The site spans from around 3000 BCE (Early Dynastic Period) to the Ptolemaic Period (30 BCE).
• Significance: Saqqara served as a major burial ground for the ancient city of Memphis and is famous for its step pyramid and numerous tombs.

Visitor Fee

• Entry Fee:
  • Approximately $10-$20 USD for general admission.
  • Additional fees may apply for specific tombs, guided tours, or special access.
  • Prices can vary, so it’s advisable to check current rates before visiting.

Opening Hours

• Daily: Typically open from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. Hours may vary, so check before visiting.

Things to See

1. Step Pyramid of Djoser:
   • Date: Built during the Third Dynasty (around 2670 BCE).
   • Significance: Designed by the architect Imhotep, it is the earliest pyramid and represents a major architectural advancement from mastaba tombs.
2. Pyramid of Teti:
   • Date: Fifth Dynasty (around 2340 BCE).
   • Significance: Notable for its well-preserved Pyramid Texts, which are some of the oldest religious texts in the world.
3. Pyramid of Userkaf:
   • Date: Fifth Dynasty (around 2490 BCE).
   • Significance: Part of a larger complex with an associated mortuary temple and tombs.
4. Tomb of Mereruka:
   • Date: Sixth Dynasty (around 2300 BCE).
   • Significance: Famous for its detailed wall paintings and inscriptions, offering insights into daily life and administration.
5. Tomb of Kagemni:
   • Date: Sixth Dynasty.
   • Significance: Known for its rich decorations and detailed scenes of the deceased’s life.
6. Serapeum:
   • Date: Built during the New Kingdom (around 600 BCE).
   • Significance: A necropolis for the Apis bulls, sacred animals believed to be the earthly embodiment of the god Ptah.

Why People Enjoy Coming Here

• Historical and Archaeological Importance: Saqqara is a treasure trove of early Egyptian history, offering a deep understanding of ancient burial practices and architectural evolution.
• Architectural Marvels: The site features some of the earliest and most influential pyramid designs in Egypt, including the Step Pyramid.
• Rich Art and Inscriptions: The tombs and pyramids are adorned with elaborate inscriptions and art, providing valuable insights into ancient Egyptian society and religion.

List of Activities

• Explore the Pyramids: Visit the various pyramids and tombs, including the Step Pyramid of Djoser and the Pyramid of Teti.
• Study the Inscriptions: Examine the wall paintings and inscriptions in the tombs to learn about ancient Egyptian life and beliefs.
• Visit the Serapeum: See the large sarcophagi of the sacred Apis bulls and understand their role in Egyptian religion.

Nearby Attractions

• Giza Pyramids: Located to the northwest, including the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Sphinx, and other pyramids.
• Memphis: The ancient capital of Egypt, with ruins and the open-air museum featuring statues and artifacts.
• Dahshur: Another pyramid site with notable structures such as the Bent Pyramid and the Red Pyramid.

Saqqara Pyramids and Necropolis provides a fascinating glimpse into the early development of pyramid construction and ancient Egyptian burial practices, making it a key destination for those interested in Egyptology and ancient history.